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Java frameworks are software libraries or collections of classes and modules that provide developers with pre-built components, tools, and utilities to simplify and accelerate the development of Java applications. These frameworks offer a wide range of features and functionalities, including web development, data access, dependency injection, security, testing, and more. They encapsulate common patterns and best practices, allowing developers to focus on writing application logic rather than reinventing the wheel. Some popular Java frameworks include Spring Framework, Jakarta EE (formerly Java EE), Hibernate, Struts, Play Framework, and Apache Wicket.

The Spring Framework is a comprehensive framework for building enterprise Java applications. It provides support for dependency injection, aspect-oriented programming, web MVC, data access, security, messaging, and more. The homepage of the Spring Framework can be found at s://spring.io/projects/spring-framework(https://spring.io/projects/spring-framework), and the source code and issue tracker are hosted on GitHub at s://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework(https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework).

Jakarta EE (formerly Java EE) is a set of specifications and APIs for building enterprise applications in Java. It provides a platform for developing and deploying scalable, secure, and transactional applications using standard Java APIs and technologies. The homepage of Jakarta EE can be found at s://jakarta.ee/(https://jakarta.ee/), and the source code and specifications are hosted on GitHub at s://github.com/eclipse-ee4j(https://github.com/eclipse-ee4j).

Hibernate is an object-relational mapping (ORM) framework for Java that simplifies database access and manipulation by mapping Java objects to database tables and vice versa. It provides support for CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations, transactions, caching, and query optimization. The homepage of Hibernate can be found at s://hibernate.org/(https://hibernate.org/), and the source code is hosted on GitHub at s://github.com/hibernate/hibernate-orm(https://github.com/hibernate/hibernate-orm).

Struts is a web application framework for building Java web applications based on the model-view-controller (MVC) design pattern. It provides a set of components and conventions for handling web requests, managing navigation, and separating business logic from presentation logic. The homepage of Struts can be found at s://struts.apache.org/(https://struts.apache.org/), and the source code is hosted on GitHub at s://github.com/apache/struts(https://github.com/apache/struts).

Play Framework is a modern web application framework for building reactive, scalable, and lightweight Java and Scala applications. It provides a developer-friendly environment with features like hot reloading, asynchronous programming, and built-in testing support. The homepage of Play Framework can be found at s://www.playframework.com/(https://www.playframework.com/), and the source code is hosted on GitHub at s://github.com/playframework/playframework(https://github.com/playframework/playframework).

Apache Wicket is a component-based web application framework for building Java web applications with reusable and modular components. It uses a component-oriented programming model that allows developers to create UI components using plain Java and HTML templates. The homepage of Apache Wicket can be found at s://wicket.apache.org/(https://wicket.apache.org/), and the source code is hosted on GitHub at s://github.com/apache/wicket(https://github.com/apache/wicket).

These Java frameworks offer developers a wide range of choices and options for building Java applications, each with its own strengths, features, and use cases. By leveraging these frameworks, developers can accelerate development, improve productivity, and build robust and scalable applications that meet the needs of modern enterprises. Whether you're building web applications, enterprise systems, or microservices, there's a Java framework available to help you achieve your goals effectively and efficiently.