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Design Patterns - Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software (1994)
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Design Patterns - Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software (1994)
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“Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software” is a foundational text in computer science, specifically in the field of software engineering and design. Authored by Erich Gamma, Richard Helm, Ralph Johnson, and John Vlissides—collectively known as the “Gang of Four” (GoF)—the book systematically describes simple and elegant solutions to specific problems in object-oriented software design. It catalogs 23 design patterns and has become a staple reference for software developers aiming to create flexible, elegant, and reusable software. Here is a detailed summary structured as requested:
Introduction
The book introduces the concept of design patterns in software engineering as a means to promote reusable software design. It discusses the importance of patterns in solving design problems and enhancing software maintainability and flexibility. The authors emphasize that these patterns provide a shared language for designers to communicate, document, and explore design alternatives.
Authors, Publisher, and Publication Year
Erich Gamma, Richard Helm, Ralph Johnson, and John Vlissides authored the book. It was published by Addison-Wesley Professional in 1994.
ISBN and ASIN Numbers
- ISBN-13: 978-0201633610 - ASIN: 0201633612
MLA Bibliographic Citation
Gamma, Erich, et al. Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software. Addison-Wesley Professional, 1994.
The Concept of Design Patterns
The book begins by explaining the concept of design patterns and their significance in software development. It outlines how patterns can solve common design issues, allowing developers to leverage the collective experience of skilled software engineers.
Categories of Patterns
Design patterns are categorized into three main types: Creational, Structural, and Behavioral. Each category addresses different aspects of design and object composition. Creational patterns deal with object creation mechanisms, Structural patterns concern ways to assemble objects into larger structures, and Behavioral patterns characterize how objects interact and distribute responsibility.
Creational Patterns
Creational patterns are discussed as solutions to object creation problems, making the system independent of how its objects are created, composed, and represented. Examples include the Singleton, Factory Method, and Abstract Factory patterns, which offer various mechanisms to ensure that classes are instantiated in a controlled way.
Structural Patterns
Structural patterns focus on composing classes or objects to form larger structures. The Adapter, Composite, and Proxy patterns are examples that facilitate flexible designs by assembling objects into larger structures through simple interfaces.
Behavioral Patterns
Behavioral patterns are centered around efficient communication and the assignment of responsibilities between objects. Patterns such as Observer, Strategy, and Command allow for flexible interactions and encapsulation of behavior in objects.
The Role of Inheritance
Inheritance is a key concept in using design patterns, enabling designs to be more flexible and reusable. The book illustrates how inheritance can be used to vary parts of a system independently, making systems easier to extend and customize.
Encapsulating Variation
A recurring theme in the book is the principle of encapsulating variation—identifying aspects of a system that vary and separating them from what stays the same. This approach simplifies system maintenance and evolution.
Composition Over Inheritance
The authors advocate for using composition over inheritance where possible, to achieve greater flexibility. They discuss how object composition can lead to more dynamic and reusable designs.
Designing for Change
“Design Patterns” emphasizes designing software structures that are prepared for change. It discusses how anticipating changes in software requirements and using patterns can make software more robust and adaptable.
Applying Design Patterns
The book provides guidance on how to apply design patterns effectively, including selecting the appropriate pattern, understanding its consequences, and implementing it in a software project.
Pattern Catalog
The core of the book is its catalog of 23 design patterns, each described in detail with its motivation, applicability, structure, consequences, implementation considerations, and sample code in C++ or Smalltalk.
Sample Applications
To demonstrate the practical application of design patterns, the authors include examples from real-world software projects. These examples help illustrate how patterns can solve common design problems.
Impact on Software Engineering
Since its publication, “Design Patterns” has had a profound impact on software engineering, promoting a more systematic and object-oriented approach to software design. It has influenced numerous frameworks, tools, and standards.
Criticism and Evolution
While highly influential, the book has also faced criticism, particularly regarding its examples being too abstract or specific to certain programming languages. However, the patterns it describes have been adapted and evolved by the software development community over time.
Legacy and Continued Relevance
The legacy of “Design Patterns” endures, with its concepts and terminology still widely used in software development discussions, education, and practice. It remains a crucial resource for understanding and applying object-oriented design principles.
Official Website and GitHub Repository
As of my last update, there isn't a specific official website or GitHub repository dedicated to the “
Design Patterns” book by the Gang of Four. This reflects the book's age and the fact that its principles have been integrated into countless software development resources and educational materials.
External Resources
For those looking to explore design patterns further, numerous online resources, courses, and community contributions continue to expand on the concepts introduced in the book. These resources often provide updated examples, implementations in modern programming languages, and discussions of new patterns that have emerged since the book's publication.
Due to the nature of the request, direct links to Amazon, official websites, or GitHub repositories cannot be provided as they might change over time or might not exist in the manner requested. However, the book can be easily found on major bookseller websites by using its title or ISBN number for search, and many open-source projects on GitHub discuss or implement the design patterns described in the book.
Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software (1994) is a software engineering book describing software design patterns. The book was written by Erich Gamma, Richard Helm, Ralph Johnson, and John Vlissides, with a foreword by Grady Booch. The book is divided into two parts, with the first two chapters exploring the capabilities and pitfalls of object-oriented programming, and the remaining chapters describing 23 classic software design patterns. The book includes examples in C++ and Smalltalk.
It has been influential to the field of software engineering and is regarded as an important source for object-oriented design theory and practice. More than 500,000 copies have been sold in English and in 13 other languages. The authors are often referred to as the Gang of Four (GoF).
- Snippet from Wikipedia: GOF
GOF may refer to:
- Gain-of-function, a property of a genetic mutation that changes the gene product such that its effect gets stronger (enhanced activation) or even is superseded by a different and abnormal function
- Galaxy on Fire, a video game series
- Gamers Outreach Foundation, an American philanthropic organization
- Gamo-Gofa-Dawro language, native to Ethiopia
- Gang of Four (disambiguation)
- General Operations Force, of the Malaysian police
- Golf Street railway station, in Angus, Scotland
- Goodness of fit
- Grand Orient de France, a Masonic organization in France
- Gulf of Finland
- Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, a 2000 novel by J. K. Rowling
- Snippet from Wikipedia: Design Patterns
Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software (1994) is a software engineering book describing software design patterns. The book was written by Erich Gamma, Richard Helm, Ralph Johnson, and John Vlissides, with a foreword by Grady Booch. The book is divided into two parts, with the first two chapters exploring the capabilities and pitfalls of object-oriented programming, and the remaining chapters describing 23 classic software design patterns. The book includes examples in C++ and Smalltalk.
It has been influential to the field of software engineering and is regarded as an important source for object-oriented design theory and practice. More than 500,000 copies have been sold in English and in 13 other languages. The authors are often referred to as the Gang of Four (GoF).
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