Table of Contents
RFC 4949 Internet Security Glossary Definitions G
Return to RFC 4949 Internet Security Glossary Definitions, RFC 4949 Internet Security Glossary, RFC 4949 Internet Security Glossary Bibliography, Cybersecurity, Awesome Security
RFC 4949: #, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z (navbar_rfc4949)
([[Fair Use]] [[Source]]: [[RFC 4949])
(I) An intermediate system (interface, relay) that attaches to two (or more) computer networks that have similar functions but dissimilar implementations and that enables either one-way or two- way communication between the networks. (See: bridge, firewall, guard, internetwork, proxy server, router, and subnetwork.)
Tutorial: The networks may differ in any of several aspects, including protocols and security mechanisms. When two computer networks differ in the protocol by which they offer service to hosts, a gateway may translate one protocol into the other or otherwise facilitate interoperation of hosts (see: Internet Protocol). In theory, gateways between computer networks are conceivable at any OSIRM layer. In practice, they usually operate
Shirey Informational Page 134]
RFC 4949 Internet Security Glossary, Version 2 August 2007
at OSIRM Layer 2 (see: bridge), 3 (see: router), or 7 (see: proxy server).
([[Fair Use]] [[Source]]: [[RFC 4949])
- GCA
(O) See: geopolitical certificate authority.
([[Fair Use]] [[Source]]: [[RFC 4949])
- GDOI
(O) See: Group Domain of Interpretation.
([[Fair Use]] [[Source]]: [[RFC 4949])
- GeldKarte
(O) A smartcard-based, electronic money system that is maintained by the German banking industry, incorporates cryptography, and can be used to make payments via the Internet. (See: IOTP.)
([[Fair Use]] [[Source]]: [[RFC 4949])
(N) The ASN.1 data type “GeneralizedTime” (ISO 8601) contains a calendar date (YYYYMMDD) and a time of day, which is either (a) the local time, (b) the Coordinated Universal Time, or © both the local time and an offset that enables Coordinated Universal Time to be calculated. (See: Coordinated Universal Time. Compare: UTCTime.)
([[Fair Use]] [[Source]]: [[RFC 4949])
(I) An Internet Standard protocol [R2743] that specifies calling conventions by which an application (typically another communication protocol) can obtain authentication, integrity, and confidentiality security services independently of the underlying security mechanisms and technologies, thus enabling the application source code to be ported to different environments. (Compare: EAP, SASL.)
Tutorial: “A GSS-API caller accepts tokens provided to it by its local GSS-API implementation and transfers the tokens to a peer on a remote system; that peer passes the received tokens to its local GSS-API implementation for processing. The security services available through GSS-API in this fashion are implementable (and have been implemented) over a range of underlying mechanisms based on [symmetric and [asymmetric cryptography.” [R2743]
([[Fair Use]] [[Source]]: [[RFC 4949])
- geopolitical certificate authority (GCA)
(O) /SET/ In a SET certification hierarchy, an optional level that is certified by a BCA and that may certify cardholder CAs, merchant CAs, and payment gateway CAs. Using GCAs enables a brand to distribute responsibility for managing certificates to geographic or political regions, so that brand policies can vary between regions as needed.
Shirey Informational Page 135]
RFC 4949 Internet Security Glossary, Version 2 August 2007
([[Fair Use]] [[Source]]: [[RFC 4949])
- GIG
(O) See: Global Information Grid.
([[Fair Use]] [[Source]]: [[RFC 4949])
- Global Information Grid (GIG)
(O) /U.S. DoD/ The GIG is “a globally interconnected, end-to-end set of information capabilities, associated processes and personnel for collecting, processing, storing, disseminating, and managing information on demand to war fighters, policy makers, and support personnel.” [IATF] Usage: Formerly referred to as the DII.
([[Fair Use]] [[Source]]: [[RFC 4949])
(N) A term used to specify or characterize design, implementation, installation, or operating practices for an information system, when a more explicit specification is not possible. Generally understood to refer to the state of the engineering art for commercial systems that have problems and solutions equivalent to the system in question.
([[Fair Use]] [[Source]]: [[RFC 4949])
- granularity
1. (N) /access control/ Relative fineness to which an access control mechanism can be adjusted.
2. (N) /data security/ “The size of the smallest protectable unit of information” in a trusted system. [Huff]
([[Fair Use]] [[Source]]: [[RFC 4949])
(D) /slang/ Synonym for “Defense Password Management Guideline” [CSC2].
Deprecated Term: Except as an explanatory appositive, IDOCs SHOULD NOT use this term, regardless of the associated definition. Instead, use the full proper name of the document or, in subsequent references, a conventional abbreviation. (See: Rainbow Series.)
Deprecated Usage: To improve international comprehensibility of Internet Standards and the Internet Standards Process, IDOCs SHOULD NOT use “cute” synonyms. No matter how clearly understood or popular a nickname may be in one community, it is likely to cause confusion or offense in others. For example, several other information system standards also are called “the Green Book”; the following are some examples: - Each volume of 1992 ITU-T (known at that time as CCITT) standards. - “PostScript Language Program Design”, Adobe Systems, Addison- Wesley, 1988. - IEEE 1003.1 POSIX Operating Systems Interface.
Shirey Informational Page 136]
RFC 4949 Internet Security Glossary, Version 2 August 2007
- “Smalltalk-80: Bits of History, Words of Advice”, Glenn Krasner, Addison-Wesley, 1983. - “X/Open Compatibility Guide”. - A particular CD-ROM format developed by Phillips.
([[Fair Use]] [[Source]]: [[RFC 4949])
(I) An ISAKMP/IKE domain of interpretation for group key management; i.e., a phase 2 protocol in ISAKMP. [R3547] (See: secure multicast.)
Tutorial: In this group key management model that extends the ISAKMP standard, the protocol is run between a group member and a “group controller/key server”, which establishes security associations [R4301] among authorized group members. The GDOI protocol is itself protected by an ISAKMP phase 1 association.
For example, multicast applications may use ESP to protect their data traffic. GDOI carries the needed security association parameters for ESP. In this way, GDOI supports multicast ESP with group authentication of ESP packets using a shared, group key.
([[Fair Use]] [[Source]]: [[RFC 4949])
(I) See: secondary definition under “id[[entity”.
([[Fair Use]] [[Source]]: [[RFC 4949])
(I) “A bundling of security associations] (SAs) that together define how a group communicates securely. The group SA] may include a registration protocol SA, a rekey protocol SA, and one or more data security protocol SAs.” [R3740]
([[Fair Use]] [[Source]]: [[RFC 4949])
(I) See: Generic Security Service Application Program Interface.
([[Fair Use]] [[Source]]: [[RFC 4949])
(I) A computer system that (a) acts as gateway between two information systems operating under different security policies and (b) is trusted to mediate information data transfers between the two. (See: controlled interface, cross-domain solution, domain, filter. Compare: firewall.)
Usage: Frequently understood to mean that one system is operating at a higher security level than the other, and that the gateway's purpose is to prevent unauthorized disclosure of data from the higher system to the lower. However, the purpose might also be to protect the data integrity, availability, or general system integrity of one system from threats posed by connecting to the other system. The mediation may be entirely automated or may involve “reliable human review”.
Shirey Informational Page 137]
RFC 4949 Internet Security Glossary, Version 2 August 2007
([[Fair Use]] [[Source]]: [[RFC 4949])
([[Fair Use]] [[Source]]: [[RFC 4949])
- GULS
(I) Generic Upper Layer Security service element (ISO 11586), a five-part standard for the exchange of security information and security-transformation functions that protect confidentiality and integrity of application data.
([[Fair Use]] [[Source]]: [[RFC 4949])
- Gypsy verification environment
(O) A methodology, language, and integrated set of software tools developed at the University of Texas for specifying, coding, and verifying software to produce correct and reliable programs. [Cheh]
Fair Use Sources
Cybersecurity: DevSecOps - Security Automation, Cloud Security - Cloud Native Security (AWS Security - Azure Security - GCP Security - IBM Cloud Security - Oracle Cloud Security, Container Security, Docker Security, Podman Security, Kubernetes Security, Google Anthos Security, Red Hat OpenShift Security); CIA Triad (Confidentiality - Integrity - Availability, Authorization - OAuth, Identity and Access Management (IAM), JVM Security (Java Security, Spring Security, Micronaut Security, Quarkus Security, Helidon Security, MicroProfile Security, Dropwizard Security, Vert.x Security, Play Framework Security, Akka Security, Ratpack Security, Netty Security, Spark Framework Security, Kotlin Security - Ktor Security, Scala Security, Clojure Security, Groovy Security;
, JavaScript Security, HTML Security, HTTP Security - HTTPS Security - SSL Security - TLS Security, CSS Security - Bootstrap Security - Tailwind Security, Web Storage API Security (localStorage Security, sessionStorage Security), Cookie Security, IndexedDB Security, TypeScript Security, Node.js Security, NPM Security, Deno Security, Express.js Security, React Security, Angular Security, Vue.js Security, Next.js Security, Remix.js Security, PWA Security, SPA Security, Svelts.js Security, Ionic Security, Web Components Security, Nuxt.js Security, Z Security, htmx Security
Python Security - Django Security - Flask Security - Pandas Security,
Database Security (Database Security on Kubernetes, Database Security on Containers / Database Security on Docker, Cloud Database Security - DBaaS Security, Concurrent Programming and Database Security, Functional Concurrent Programming and Database Security, Async Programming and Databases Security, MySQL Security, Oracle Database Security, Microsoft SQL Server Security, MongoDB Security, PostgreSQL Security, SQLite Security, Amazon RDS Security, IBM Db2 Security, MariaDB Security, Redis Security (Valkey Security), Cassandra Security, Amazon Aurora Security, Microsoft Azure SQL Database Security, Neo4j Security, Google Cloud SQL Security, Firebase Realtime Database Security, Apache HBase Security, Amazon DynamoDB Security, Couchbase Server Security, Elasticsearch Security, Teradata Database Security, Memcached Security, Infinispan Security, Amazon Redshift Security, SQLite Security, CouchDB Security, Apache Kafka Security, IBM Informix Security, SAP HANA Security, RethinkDB Security, InfluxDB Security, MarkLogic Security, ArangoDB Security, RavenDB Security, VoltDB Security, Apache Derby Security, Cosmos DB Security, Hive Security, Apache Flink Security, Google Bigtable Security, Hadoop Security, HP Vertica Security, Alibaba Cloud Table Store Security, InterSystems Caché Security, Greenplum Security, Apache Ignite Security, FoundationDB Security, Amazon Neptune Security, FaunaDB Security, QuestDB Security, Presto Security, TiDB Security, NuoDB Security, ScyllaDB Security, Percona Server for MySQL Security, Apache Phoenix Security, EventStoreDB Security, SingleStore Security, Aerospike Security, MonetDB Security, Google Cloud Spanner Security, SQream Security, GridDB Security, MaxDB Security, RocksDB Security, TiKV Security, Oracle NoSQL Database Security, Google Firestore Security, Druid Security, SAP IQ Security, Yellowbrick Data Security, InterSystems IRIS Security, InterBase Security, Kudu Security, eXtremeDB Security, OmniSci Security, Altibase Security, Google Cloud Bigtable Security, Amazon QLDB Security, Hypertable Security, ApsaraDB for Redis Security, Pivotal Greenplum Security, MapR Database Security, Informatica Security, Microsoft Access Security, Tarantool Security, Blazegraph Security, NeoDatis Security, FileMaker Security, ArangoDB Security, RavenDB Security, AllegroGraph Security, Alibaba Cloud ApsaraDB for PolarDB Security, DuckDB Security, Starcounter Security, EventStore Security, ObjectDB Security, Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL Security, Akumuli Security, Google Cloud Datastore Security, Skytable Security, NCache Security, FaunaDB Security, OpenEdge Security, Amazon DocumentDB Security, HyperGraphDB Security, Citus Data Security, Objectivity/DB). Database drivers (JDBC Security, ODBC), ORM (Hibernate Security, Microsoft Entity Framework), SQL Operators and Functions Security, Database IDEs (JetBrains DataSpell Security, SQL Server Management Studio Security, MySQL Workbench Security, Oracle SQL Developer Security, SQLiteStudio),
Programming Language Security ((1. Python Security, 2. JavaScript Security, 3. Java Security, 4. C# Security, 5. C++ Security, 6. PHP Security, 7. TypeScript Security, 8. Ruby Security, 9. C Security, 10. Swift Security, 11. R Security, 12. Objective-C Security, 13. Scala Security, 14. Golang Security, 15. Kotlin Security, 16. Rust Security, 17. Dart Security, 18. Lua Security, 19. Perl Security, 20. Haskell Security, 21. Julia Security, 22. Clojure Security, 23. Elixir Security, 24. F# Security, 25. Assembly Language Security, 26. Shell Script Security / bash Security, 27. SQL Security, 28. Groovy Security, 29. PowerShell Security, 30. MATLAB Security, 31. VBA Security, 32. Racket Security, 33. Scheme Security, 34. Prolog Security, 35. Erlang Security, 36. Ada Security, 37. Fortran Security, 38. COBOL Security, 39. Lua Security, 40. VB.NET Security, 41. Lisp Security, 42. SAS Security, 43. D Security, 44. LabVIEW Security, 45. PL/SQL Security, 46. Delphi/Object Pascal Security, 47. ColdFusion Security, 49. CLIST Security, 50. REXX);
OS Security, Mobile Security: Android Security - Kotlin Security - Java Security, iOS Security - Swift Security; Windows Security - Windows Server Security, Linux Security (Ubuntu Security, Debian Security, RHEL Security, Fedora Security), UNIX Security (FreeBSD Security), IBM z Mainframe Security (RACF Security), Passwords (Windows Passwords, Linux Passwords, FreeBSD Passwords, Android Passwords, iOS Passwords, macOS Passwords, IBM z/OS Passwords), Passkeys, Hacking (Ethical Hacking, White Hat, Black Hat, Grey Hat), Pentesting (Red Team - Blue Team - Purple Team), Cybersecurity Certifications (CEH, GIAC, CISM, CompTIA Security Plus, CISSP), Mitre Framework, Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE), Cybersecurity Bibliography, Cybersecurity Courses, Firewalls, CI/CD Security (GitHub Actions Security, Azure DevOps Security, Jenkins Security, Circle CI Security), Functional Programming and Cybersecurity, Cybersecurity and Concurrency, Cybersecurity and Data Science - Cybersecurity and Databases, Cybersecurity and Machine Learning, Cybersecurity Glossary (RFC 4949 Internet Security Glossary), Awesome Cybersecurity, Cybersecurity GitHub, Cybersecurity Topics (navbar_security - see also navbar_aws_security, navbar_azure_security, navbar_gcp_security, navbar_k8s_security, navbar_docker_security, navbar_podman_security, navbar_mainframe_security, navbar_ibm_cloud_security, navbar_oracle_cloud_security, navbar_database_security, navbar_windows_security, navbar_linux_security, navbar_macos_security, navbar_android_security, navbar_ios_security, navbar_os_security, navbar_firewalls, navbar_encryption, navbar_passwords, navbar_iam, navbar_pentesting, navbar_privacy)
Request for Comments (RFC): List of RFCs, GitHub RFCs, Awesome RFCs, (navbar_rfc)
© 1994 - 2024 Cloud Monk Losang Jinpa or Fair Use. Disclaimers
SYI LU SENG E MU CHYWE YE. NAN. WEI LA YE. WEI LA YE. SA WA HE.